LOUVAIN. 24, Route. 239 (Pi. C, 2, 3), beside the Hotel de Ville, 12 R. at 2-3, B. 8/4, D. 11/2 fr. — At the station: Hore, pe uta Gare (PI. c; D, 2), Hérer DE L'INDUSTRIE (Pl. d; D, 2), BR. 13/4, B. 1/2, D. 2 fr., both unpretending. Restaurants. Taverne Mathieu, Rue de la Station 40 (Pl. C, D, 2), D. 2 fr.. Table Ronde, in the club of that name at the S.E. end of the Groote Markt (entr. Rue du Chéne), D. 2 fr. (12-1.30 p.m.), good; Taverne St. Jean, Rue de Diest 24 (Pl. C, D, 2), D. 11/2-2 fr. — Cafés. Café des Brasseurs, Rue de la Station 3, near the Groote Markt (P!.B, C, 2); Café Rubens, Place Marguerite, opposite the church of St. Pierre (Pl. C, 2). — Beer. Gambrinus, Groote Markt (Munich beer; also cold viands). The beer of Louvain is a sickly beverage. Cabs, or Vigilantes, 1 fr. per drive; to or from the station 411/2-2 fr. (bargain desirable). — Tramway from the station to the Groote Markt, 10 c. — Steam Tramways, see p. 243. Post and Telegraph Office (Pl. C, 2), Impasse des Choraux, to the N. of the Place Marguerite, open from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. (Sun. and holidays, 9-12). Bookseller, R. Fonteyn, Rue de la Station 22. Chief Attractions (2-2'/2 hrs. suffice). Tramway from the station to the Groote Markt; St. Pierre (p. 240); Hotel de Ville, exterior (see p. 240); University, exterior (p. 242). Louvain (82 ft.), Flem. Leuven, Germ. Léwen, on the Dyle, which flows through the town and is connected by a canal with the Rupel (p. 88), is a dull place with 42,200 inhabitants. The greater part of the space enclosed by the walls built in the 14th cent. is now used as arableland. The ramparts surrounding the walls have been partially converted into promenades. In the middle ages it was the capital of Brabant and was noted for its cloth-factories, but little now remains to recall this period of prosperity, except the Hotel de Ville and some early Flemish paintings in the church of St. Pierre. The university, founded in 1426, ranked in the 416th cent. as the best in Europe. The chief industries of Louvain are brewing, lace- making, and the production of church ornaments. The name of the town is derived from Loo, signifying a wooded height, and Veen, a marsh, words which are combined also in Venlo. The Emperor Arnulf defeated the Normans in this vicinity in 891. From the beginning of the 11th cent. Louvain was the residence of a line of counts, who Jater obtained possession of the Duchy of Lower Lorraine (p. xxiii), and in 1190 assumed the title of Dukes of Brabant. The growth of the city was rapid, and in the 14th cent. it is said to have numbered 100-150,000 inhab., most of whom were engaged in the cloth-trade, and to have contained no fewer than 2400 (?) manufactories. Here, as in the Flemish towns, the weavers were a very turbulent class. During an insurrection in 1378, thirteen magistrates of noble family were thrown from the windows of the Hotel de Ville and received by the populace below on the points of their spears; but Duke Wenceslaus took the city in 1382 and severely punished the citizens, thousands of whom emigrated to Holland and Eng- land, whither they transplanted their handicraft. From that period may be dated the decay of Louvain. In front of the railway-station (Pl. D, 2) is a statue of Sylvaan van de Weyer (d. 1874), a native of Louvain, who was one of the most ardent promoters of the Revolution of 1830, and became the ambassador of the Provisional Government at the London Con- ference. The statue is by Charles Geef's. The wide Rue de la Station (Statie-Straat), on the left side of which is a bronze statue, by J. Jourdain (1909), of Justus Lipsius Barpekrr’s Belgium and Holland. 15th Edit. 1D