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to Rotterdam. BREDA. 58. Route. 455
400 M. Boxtel, Dutch Bokstel (Hétel-Restaurant Boztel, R. from
{1/, fl.; Hotel van Dyk ; Rail. Restaurant), situated at the influx of
the Beerze into the Dommel, junction for the lines from Goch (p. 448)
and for the line via ’S Hertogenbosch to Utrecht (R. 53). Our line
turns to the W. and farther on crosses the Niewwe Ley, another
tributary of the Dommel. — 105 M. Oisterwyk.
4101/) M. Tilburg (De Gouden Zwaan, KR. & B. from 2; Dae
omn. 1/4 fl.; Hétel- Restaurant de la Station), a woollen-manufactur-
ing town of 49,300 inhab., with a new Gothic church. Tilburg is
the junction of the ’S Hertogenbosch and Nymwegen line mentioned
at p. 447. A branch-line also diverges here for Alphen, Baarle-
Nassau, Weelde-Merxplas (with the eustom-house), and (19 M., in
3/,-1 hr.) Turnhout (p. 204), and steam-tramways for *S Hertogen-
bosch (p. 436) via Waalwyk and for Breda (see below) via Ooster-
hout; etc. — 148 M. Gilze-Ryen.
424M. Breda. — Hotels. “Dz Kroon, R. & B. from 2, D. 2f1.,
DE Zwaan, R. 14/4 both in the Boschstraat, the principal
street; Het WAPE , at the corner of the Schoolstraat and
Kraanstraat; H0 ant Pret Jonxers, at the rail. station,
R. & B. 11/4 ay Restaurant. — Tramway from the Market
Place to Princenhage.
Breda, a town with 27,800 inhab., lies on the Mark and the Aa.
Originally belonging to the margraviate of Stryen and then to the
duchy of Brabant (p. 239), the town passed as a Brabantine flef to
the Lords of Polanen in 1350 and to Count Engelbert of Nassau-
Dillenburg in 1404 (comp. p. xxxix). It was fortified in 1534 by
Count Henry of Nassau.
The Compromise of Breda (p. 104) in 1566 marks the beginning of the
revolt of the Netherlands. The town was captured by the Dutch in 1577,
put in 1584 it again fell into the hands of the Spaniards by treachery.
One of the most famous episodes of the struggle was the surprize of Breda
in March, 1599, by Maurice of Orange, aided from within by a body of
70 resolute men under Capt. Ch. de Heraugiere, who had secretly made
their way into the town concealed in a turf-barge belonging to Adriaan
van Bergen (p. 300). In May, 1625, after a gallant defence of ten months,
Count Justinus of Nassau was compelled to surrender the fortress to
Amb. Spinola, the Spanish general; but in 1637 it was re-captured by
Frederick Henry of Orange. ‘The fortifications were restored and repaired
and played a part in the war of 1793-94 and again in 1813, but they have
now been razed. — The ‘Declaration of Breda’ was the manifesto issued
by Charles I. of Great Britain in April, 1660, immediately before the
Restoration. The ‘Treaty of Breda’ (July, 1667), at the conclusion of the
naval war between Holland and Great Britain, confirmed the latter in the
possession of New York and New Jersey.
The Protestant Cuuron (Hervormde Kerk) near the market-
place, a Gothic edifice dating from 1290 (present choir consecrated
in 1410), with a tower recently restored, contains several interest-
ing tombs (adm. 25 ¢.; ring at the church-door.). Among these are
a late-Gothic monument to Count Engelbert I. of Nassau (d. 1443),
and an imposing Renaissance *Monument to Count Engelbert II.
(d. 1504), the friend of Charles the Bold and Stadtholder of the
Netherlands under Emp. Maximilian, and his wife Cimburgis of |
